🌎 Overview

Oaxaca, a state rich in indigenous heritage and natural beauty, is located in southern Mexico. It’s famous for its diverse cultures, stunning landscapes, and ancient traditions. From the mountains of the Sierra Madre to the Pacific beaches, Oaxaca showcases Mexico’s vibrant spirit.

• Capital & Largest City: Oaxaca de Juárez
• Other Major Cities: Juchitán de Zaragoza, Salina Cruz, Tuxtepec, Huajuapan de León
• Founded: December 21, 1823
• Population: ~4.2 million (2025 est.)
• Area: 93,757 km² (36,202 sq mi)
• Region: Southern Mexico
• Timezone: Central Standard / Daylight Time (CST/CDT)

🏞️ Geography & Nature

Oaxaca’s terrain is a blend of mountains, valleys, and coastal plains. It borders the Pacific Ocean and features spectacular natural areas like Hierve el Agua and the Sierra Norte forests. Its biodiversity makes it a hotspot for eco-tourism and adventure travel.

🏭 Economy & Industry

The economy of Oaxaca is driven by tourism, agriculture, handicrafts, and energy. The state produces coffee, mezcal, and textiles, and its coastal ports such as Salina Cruz support trade and transport. Artisans from Oaxaca are internationally renowned for their pottery, weaving, and wood carvings.

🌆 Culture & Heritage

Oaxaca’s cultural richness stems from its 16 recognized indigenous groups, each with unique languages and traditions. The city of Oaxaca de Juárez and nearby Monte Albán are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The state’s traditions are celebrated through music, art, and cuisine.

🏞️ Tourism & Attractions

• Monte Albán: Ancient Zapotec archaeological site overlooking Oaxaca City.
• Hierve el Agua: Petrified waterfalls and natural springs.
• Puerto Escondido & Huatulco: Beautiful Pacific beach resorts.
• Mitla: Sacred valley ruins known for intricate mosaics.

🎓 Education & Research

Oaxaca emphasizes education and preservation of culture. The Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Oaxaca (UABJO) is the state’s main higher-education institution.

🌺 Tagline

“Oaxaca — Where Culture, Nature, and Tradition Unite.”

✈️ Tourism in Oaxaca

Tourists are drawn to Oaxaca for its colorful festivals, indigenous art, ancient ruins, and coastal escapes. Its welcoming atmosphere and culinary excellence make it a top Mexican destination.

Main Attractions

• Monte Albán — ancient Zapotec capital.
• Hierve el Agua — natural rock formations and pools.
• Oaxaca City — colonial charm, art markets, and museums.

Travel Tips

• Best time to visit: October–July (especially during Guelaguetza Festival).
• Climate: Warm coastal, cooler highlands; semi-tropical overall.
• Transport: Accessible via Oaxaca International Airport and major highways.

🎓 Education & Economy

Oaxaca balances traditional industries with emerging sectors in tourism and renewable energy.

Universities

• Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Oaxaca (UABJO)
• Technological Institute of Oaxaca (ITO)

Key Industries

• Tourism & Hospitality
• Handicrafts & Textiles
• Agriculture (coffee, mezcal, corn)
• Energy & Infrastructure

🎵 Culture & Cuisine

Oaxaca’s culinary and artistic heritage is among the richest in Mexico. It’s the birthplace of mole sauce and mezcal.

Festivals & Arts

• Guelaguetza Festival: Celebration of indigenous music and dance.
• Day of the Dead: Elaborate altars and traditions in Oaxaca City.
• Craft fairs and art markets year-round.

Local Cuisine

• Mole negro (rich chocolate chili sauce)
• Tlayudas (large grilled tortillas with toppings)
• Mezcal (traditional agave spirit)